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Sudirman

First commander-in-chief of the Indonesian armed forces

For other uses, see Sudirman (disambiguation).

Sudirman (Old Spelling: Soedirman; 24 January 1916[a] – 29 January 1950) was an Indonesian military officer and revolutionary during the Indonesian National Revolution and the first commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces.

Born in Purbalingga, Dutch East Indies, Sudirman moved to Cilacap in 1916 and was raised by his uncle. A diligent student at a Muhammadiyah-run school, he became respected within the community for his devotion to Islam. After dropping out of teacher's college, in 1936 he began working as a teacher, and later headmaster, at a Muhammadiyah-run elementary school. After the Japanese occupied the Indies in 1942, Sudirman continued to teach, before joining the Japanese-sponsored Defenders of the Homeland (PETA) as a battalion commander in Banyumas in 1944. In this position he put down a rebellion by his fellow soldiers, but was later interned in Bogor. After Indonesia proclaimed its independence on 17 August 1945, Sudirman led

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The Indonesian Legal System and Legal Research

By Dewi Savitri Reni and Juven Renaldi

Dewi Savitri Reni (Vitri) received her Bachelor of Law Degree from Universitas Indonesia and her LL.M. Degree from University of California, Berkeley (Boalt Hall School of Law). She is a Fulbright Scholar and a member of the New York State Bar. Currently, she is a partner at Soewito Suhardiman Eddymurthy Kardono, Indonesia.

Juven Renaldi (Juven) received her Bachelor of Law Degree from Universitas Indonesia and he is currently an Associate at Soewito Suhardiman Eddymurthy Kardono.

1. Overview of Indonesian Law (Including History)

An extremely vast archipelago of more than 17,508 islands, Indonesia is the largest island state in the world. It is the home for at least 300 ethnic and sub-ethnic groups. Over 668 languages and dialects are native to Indonesia. For centuries before its exposure to Western civilization, each group had developed its own customary law, officially called adat law (hukum adat), and almost all were influenced by Hinduism, Buddhism, and Islam. Not to a less

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Abdul Haris Nasution

Indonesian army general (1918–2000)

Abdul Haris Nasution (Old Spelling: Abdoel Haris Nasution; 3 December 1918 – 6 September 2000) was a high-ranking Indonesian general and politician. He served in the military during the Indonesian National Revolution and he remained in the military during the subsequent turmoil of the Parliamentary democracy and Guided Democracy. Following the fall of President Sukarno from power, he became the Speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly under President Suharto. Born into a Batak Muslim family, in the village of Hutapungkut, Dutch East Indies, he studied teaching and enrolled at a military academy in Bandung.

He became a member of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army, but following the Japanese invasion, he joined the Defenders of the Homeland. Following the proclamation of independence, he enlisted in the fledgling Indonesian armed forces and fought during the Indonesian National Revolution. In 1946, he was appointed commander of the Siliwangi Division, the guerrilla unit operating in West Java. After the end

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