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Summary

Maggie Lena Walker was an important African American leader. She broke unfair laws and became the first Black woman to start a bank in the nation. She was also the first Black woman to be the president of a bank. Walker’s bank was called the Saint Luke Penny Savings Bank in Richmond. It was the oldest bank led by an African American in the United States. Walker became the leader of the Independent Order of Saint Luke. She organized projects that helped the African American community. Her leadership set an example for many other women. As an African American woman living in the South, she faced many obstacles in her life. However, Walker encouraged investment and collective action. She helped bring important changes for African Americans.

In This Entry

Contributor: Muriel Miller Branch

Early Years and Family

Maggie Lena Mitchell was born on July 15, 1864 in Richmond, Virginia. Her mother, Elizabeth Draper, was a former slave. Her mother worked as a cook for Elizabeth Van Lew, an abolitionist and Union spy for the during the Civil War. Soon after Walker was born

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Maggie L. Walker

African-American businesswoman (1864–1934)

This article is about the Virginia businesswoman and first African American woman bank president in the United States. For the poet, see Margaret Walker.

Maggie Lena Walker

Born	Maggie Lena Draper (1864-07-15)July 15, 1864 Richmond, Virginia, U.S.
Died	December 15, 1934(1934-12-15) (aged 70) Richmond, Virginia, U.S.
Occupation(s)	Bank founder, businesswoman, teacher, newspaper publisher.
Known for	First African-American woman to charter a bank in the United States^[1]

Maggie Lena (née Draper Mitchell) Walker (July 15, 1864 – December 15, 1934) was an American businesswoman and teacher. In 1903, Walker became both the first African-American woman to charter a bank and the first African-American woman to serve as a bank president.^[2] As a leader, Walker achieved successes with the vision to make tangible improvements in the way of life for African Americans. Disabled by paralysis and a wheelchair user later in life, Walker also paved the way for people w

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At the turn of the century, Maggie Lena Walker was one of the foremost female business leaders in the United States. She gained national prominence when she became the first woman to own a bank in the United States. Walker’s entrepreneurial skills transformed black business practices while also inspiring other women to enter the field.

Walker was born to enslaved parents on July 15, 1864 in Richmond, Virginia. After the Civil War, her mother worked as a laundress and her father as a butler in a popular Richmond hotel. Walker’s father was killed and she had to help her mother financially by working. Although his death was ruled a suicide, Walker later revealed that she believed he had been murdered. She attended a local school in Richmond and upon graduation, began teaching. She stepped down from teaching after she married a successful brick maker.

When Walker was 14, she joined the Independent Order of St. Luke’s, an African American benevolent organization that helped the sick and elderly in Richmond. Within the organization, Walker held many high-ranking positions. In 1902, sh